Nuclear physics cheat sheet by bendash bendash via. Read the instructions and scroll down to simulate the reactor. That steam then drives turbines to generate electricity source. The nuclear fission of uranium235 is shown in the following equation. In a nuclear power plant, nuclear fission is used to generate electricity. Fast neutrons are slowed down by a moderator such as water or graphite, allowing chain reaction to take place rapid increase in neutron population. The name comes from the magnesiumaluminium alloy used to clad the fuel rods inside the reactor. According to a basic rule of physics called the law of conservation of energy, the energy released in a nuclear. Mathematical methods in nuclear reactor dynamics article pdf available in ieee transactions on plasma science 34. The main job of a reactor is to house and control nuclear fissiona process where atoms split and release energy. Also, in some reactors, the coolant fluid in contact with the reactor. Pdf introduction to the nuclear power industry researchgate.
Nuclear fission occurs when a larger isotope breaks apart into two or more elements. Part 1 elements of nuclear reactor theory is composed of only elements but the main resource for the lecture of nuclear reactor theory, and. Nuclear reactor types 3 the most widely used reactor type in the world is the pressurised water reactor pwr see fig 1. Jul 28, 2015 a blank diagram of a nuclear reactor for students to label and color based on whether liquid water or steam is present. Kadak professor of the practice spring 2008 lecture 2. Chaplin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Worksheet nuclear power stations teaching resources. Candu heavy water reactors use natural uranium, of which 0. An advanced nuclear reactor is defined in legislation enacted in 2018 as. Nuclear reactor diagram nelson institute of marine research. Scientists usually accomplish this task for some controlled nuclear reactions by bombarding a large isotope with a second, smaller one commonly a neutron. Matter is made up of smaller parts, new matter is made up of small lego like blocks of indivisable elements.
Schematic diagram of a pressurizedwater reactor 3 2. We present a simple, costeffective, and safe small modular nuclear reactor for. Daiichi nuclear power plant, a tsunami estimated to have exceeded a height of. Gcse physics radioactivity high demand questions questionsheet 6 a source, which emits beta radiation, is used in a factory to control thickness of sheet metal as it. Enriched uranium typically is formed into 1inchlong 2. Power plant diagram boiling water reactor bwr power plant diagram pressurized water reactor pwr a day in the life of an nrc resident inspector. Nuclear reactor usage examples electricity production i. Each group of 3 students has handouts with information about one of the above energy resources. Nuclear reactor understanding how it works physics.
Heat is produced in the reactor when neutrons strike the uranium atoms resulting in a chain reaction. Nuclear reactor diagram worksheet aurum science, illinois materials required. Nuclear reactor labeling and coloring diagram teaching. In such reactors, the reaction rate expression must be known determined. It belongs to the wider class of gascooled reactors. Power plant diagram boiling water reactor bwr power plant diagram pressurized. With this in mind, this course nuclear reactor theory is designed for students who are studying nuclear engineering for the first time. Pdf currently, about half of all nuclear power plants are located in the united states.
Nuclear physics cheat sheet by bendash download free from. Every process that releases energy is accompanied by an equivalent loss of mass. One of the places hit by the earthquake was a town called fukushima where they had a nuclear reactor. A blank diagram of a nuclear reactor for students to label and color based on whether liquid water or steam is present. Adapted from 28, 29 safety data sheets, and manufacturing specification sheets. Nuclear power plants worksheet key university of south. In order to prevent chemical reactions between the coolant and the nuclear fuel, the nuclear fuel is housed in a metal cladding. Energy resources student worksheets susana amoros ortega 15 ies torre vicens lleida lesson 5. That releases energy in the processenergy we can harness. Control rods yellow are placed among the fuel rods gray to absorb excess electrons. Ines, the international nuclear and radiological event scale, users manual.
The nuclear reactor process and commercial reactors course welcome this independent study course is a prerequisite for the resident emi classroom course radiological accident assessment concepts. Einstein discovered that matter could be converted to energy and viceversa. Two commonly used reactors are the cstr continuous stirred tank reactor and the pfr plug flow reactor. The realm of atomic and nuclear physics nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei.
Apr 23, 20 nuclear reactors are the modern day devices extensively used for power generation as the traditional fossil fuels, like coal, are at the breach of extinction. The nuclear reactor process and commercial reactors. Help students label the different parts of the reactor. In practice, nuclear power plants dont work by obliterating atoms completely.
Worksheet directions many nuclear power plants are dependent upon the fission of enriched u235. Worksheet key directions many nuclear power plants are dependent upon the fission of enriched u235. In water reactors, the coolant is also the moderator. The navy nuclear propulsion project in july 1955 261 7. Aug 10, 2017 the nuclear regulatory commission, protecting people and the environment. Temporary shielding can take the form of lead sheets, lead bricks, or bags.
Nuclear reactor safety a recent simple power failure at a swedish nuclear plant highlighted our vulnerability to nuclear catastrophe. What is a joule and how does it relate to a nuclear reactor operation and. Students will read a passage about nuclear fission and interpret a diagram of a nuclear reactor power plant to answer questions about nuclear energy. Nuclear physics cheat sheet by bendash cheatography. This nuclear reactors worksheet is suitable for 9th higher ed. Control rods yellow are placed among the fuel rods gray to absorb excess electrons and slow down the reaction in the reactor core. Nuclear reactors worksheet for 9th higher ed lesson planet.
Moreover, the materials in a nuclear reactor core and the uranium enrichment level make a nuclear explosion impossible, even if all safety measures failed. Energy resource fact sheets lappendix lkeep energy education activity guide. The main part of nuclear reactor is the reactor core, where nuclear fuel is placed. These reactors provide enough residence time for the reaction to take place with satisfactory conversion. Overview of nuclear reactor systems and fundamentals someday man will harness the rise and fall of the tides, imprison the power of the sun, and release atomic power. Chain reaction of fission takes in the reactor core and nuclear energy is. A fusion reactor would have abundant fuel supply the first fusion reactor would probably burn two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium, which differ from hydrogen in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. The students have a worksheet with different activities to do. In 2011, an earthquake hit japan registering as a 9 on the richter scale the largest earthquake in japans history and the fourth biggest in the world. This diagram shows all the parts of a nuclear reactor. In this nuclear reactors worksheet, students use a diagram to match 28 words into a paragraph describing the parts of a nuclear reactor and what job they perform.
Nuclear reactor components how a nuclear reactor works. This worksheet has students label each of the major components of a pressurized water nuclear reactor. They will also color code the different water loops to show the areas of steam and liquid water. Then, give them each a red and blue colored pencil. Classify the nuclear reactors according to their usage and give examples for each one as specified below. A nuclear chain reaction must be kept under control, and harmful radiation must, as far as possible be contained within the reactor, with radioactive products isolated from humans and carefully managed. Chain reaction of fission takes in the reactor core and nuclear energy is picked out here. It is primarily concerned with the arrangement of electrons around. In some nuclear power plants, the steam from the reactor goes through a secondary, intermediate heat exchanger to convert another loop of water to steam, which drives the turbine. Renewable energy resources ii wind energy, hydropower and geothermal energy activity 1. Reactors jordan university of science and technology. As uranium fissions, the breaking apart of atoms releases energy, much of it in the.
The advantage to this design is that the radioactive watersteam never contacts the turbine. The basic parts of a nuclear reactor are the core, a moderator, control rods, a coolant, and shielding. Nuclear energy enrich your study of energy with this physics printable. A nuclear power plant contains a nuclear reactor, which generates electricity by controlled fission reactions. The activities will be done after the teachers explanation. The navy nuclear propulsion project in november 1952 183 6. Pdf mathematical methods in nuclear reactor dynamics. This created a tsunami six metres high and killed over 15,000 people. Nelson institute of marine research santa barbara, california. The heat generated in the nuclear fuel is transferred to the cooling water, which is pumped upward along the rods. Atomic physics or atom physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus.
The purpose of a nuclear power plant is to generate electricity from steam created. Answer the following questions in regards to the simulator. The navy nuclear propulsion project in july 1958 321 figures 1. All of them have a supply of radioactive fuel pellets usually uranium oxide, which are arranged in tubes to form fuel rods in the reactor core source. The equation that expresses this massenergy equivalency is. If you have 250 u235 and the energy released is around 4. The nuclear regulatory commission, protecting people and the environment. Nuclear reactor, fuel rods, control rods, cooling tower. Design of an organic simplified nuclear reactor sciencedirect. There are several different types of nuclear reactors, but they all have some common characteristics. As uranium fissions, the breaking apart of atoms releases energy, much of it in the form of heat, which can then be used to do work. The two commercial reactor types based on this principle are both american designs, but are widely used in over 20 countries. Nuclear power plants operate by precisely controlling the rate at which nuclear reactions occur, and that control is maintained through the use of several redundant layers of safety measures. Magnox is a type of nuclear powerproduction reactor that was designed to run on natural uranium with graphite as the moderator and carbon dioxide gas as the heat exchange coolant.
The teacher explains the theory about nuclear energy by means of the powerpoint. This can be done in a number of ways, depending upon how safe you wish to make the reactor and how much energy you wish to create. As such, this independent study course provides only an overview of. Explore the rest of the website and explain what a breeder reactor is and how it operates and what are the main benefits for using this design.
These major components are the fuel rods, the spacer grids, and the upper and lower end fittings. Work in groups of 3 students with the same handout a, b or c. Point beach nuclear power plant photograph from nextera energy resources. Many nuclear power plants are dependent upon the fission of enriched u235. Fission chain reaction when the nucleus of a fissile material such as uranium235 is induced to fission by the absorption of a neutron, two to three neutrons, on average, are released as the two fission. Which part of the reactor is designed to control the rate of nuclear fission. Characterization and testing of materials for nuclear reactors iaea. Section of nuclear reactor is schematically shown in figure.
Label and explain the functions of the different parts of the reactor vessel. Neutron induced fission releases energy plus extra fast neutrons. In this nuclear reactors worksheet, learners use a diagram to match 28 words into a paragraph describing the parts of a nuclear reactor and what job they perform. Because the supply of u235 is limited, nuclear power is a nonrenewable energy resource. Reactor concepts manual nuclear power for electrical generation usnrc technical training center 110 0703 reactor fuel assemblies both boiling water reactor and pressurized water reactor fuel assemblies consist of the same major components. Jun, 2019 in practice, nuclear power plants dont work by obliterating atoms completely. Nuclear reactors are the modern day devices extensively used for power generation as the traditional fossil fuels, like coal, are at the breach of extinction. Nuclear reactor design encyclopedia of life support systems.
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